日期:2023-01-23 阅读量:0次 所属栏目:学前教育
问题的类型课分为展示性问题、参阅性问题以及评估性问题。展示性问题是为了促进学生对于文本信息的识记和理解而设计的问题,答案很大程度上依赖于文本信息。参阅性问题是在学生理解并获取文本的事实性信息之后,为了帮助学生进一步理解文本,教师围绕文本中有价值的关键点进行的提问。而评估性问题是为了增进学生对文本的熟悉程度,帮助学生形成正确的解决问题的方法和态度,对文本进行的拓展。(腾家庆《初中英语课堂教学的20个细节》。
“Do you remember what you were doing?”是一篇典型的阅读理解,讲述的是美国历史上很重要的两个历史事件Dr.Martin Luther King被杀和9?11事件以及美国的普通民众Robert Allen和Kate Smith当时的活动,基本的语法基调是过去进行时和过去时。本文从教学设计中问题设计的角度来剖析文本,注重培养学生阅读微技能以及思维品质,从而提升学生的阅读理解能力。
Step1:?x前引入
Question 1:Here is a short video,watch the short video and tell what the main idea is.
Question 2:How can we get the main idea of a passage?
(设计意图:让学生带着问题去观看视频,锻炼学生集中精力做事,培养学生概括事件的思维品质。在获取文本大意方面,先让学生猜测方法,然后再动手去实践,培养学生的策略意识:从文本所给的图片、标题还有每段的段首句来确定文章的梗概。)
Step 2:读中体会
Question1:How many paragraphs are there in the passage?There are two big events,so how many parts can we divide the passage into?
(设计意图:引导学生在概括完文本的大意之后,根据两个事件将文本划分为两个部分,得出这篇文章的框架结构,增强学生篇章整体意识。)
Question 2:We have known the structure of this passage,now let’s try to get some details.Can you fill in the form by finding key words in each paragraph?
[event time people activity ]
(设计意图:引导学生在阅读中快读找事件、人物、以及活动这几个关键词来迅速获取信息,提升找出答案的速度和正确率。)
Question 3:Look at these three sentences and can you tell me the people in each sentence?Can you tell we in which part can we find the answer?Now read the passage and tell Whether they are T or F?
(1)Everyone in America remembers who killed Dr.King.
(2)Robert parents are shocked to hear the news.
(3)Kate didn’t think her friend was telling the truth about the event.
(设计意图:在完成这各事实判断的问题前,老师引导学生先找出每个句子中的人物,然后对照我们之前的分段,说出我们可能找到答案的段落,然后再去相应的部分中去逐个验证所给句子是否属实。这是一种比较实用的阅读微技能,先锁定范围,再去验证信息,这对于提升学生的阅读效率帮助很大。)
Question 4:Do you know the meaning of these sentences?Could you find the sentences that have the same meaning with these sentences? (1)Not everyone will remember who killed him,but they can remember what they were doing when they heard that he got killed.
(2)No one said anything for the rest of the dinner.
(3)Sep.11,2001-the date alone means something to most people in the US.
(4)I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.
(对于重点短语not everyone/have meaning to most people/have trouble doing没有进行翻译性的提问,而是将这些短语放在句子中,让学生在原文本和这几个句子的比较中获取其意义,这很好的锻炼了学生的利用相似句对比的方法理解句子意义的能力。)
Question 5:Can you remember some things very well?What are they?Robert Allen and Kate Smith both can remember the event very well,why?
(?@是一个参阅性的问题,老师先提出一个问题来启发学生:你有一些记忆深刻的事件吗?为什么?然后再引申到文本中的人物,对于他们来讲这些事件的记忆如此深刻的原因是什么?引导学生思考这些事件对于他们的重要意义)
Question 6:How does Robert Allen and Kate Smith feel about these events?How do you feel about these events?
(设计意图:这是另一个参阅性的问题,学生结合自己的生活体会和对文本的理解,体会重大历史悲剧给人们造成的悲痛经历,引导学生学会珍惜和平幸福的生活。这也是作者的写作意图。)
Step 3:读后提升
Question:Imagine you are taking part in a CCTV news report,work in a group of three,one is a reporter,one is Robert Allen,one is Kate Smith,try to make a report about these two events.
(设计意图:这是一个评估性的问题,在完成文本的阅读之后,引导学生将文本转化成一篇新闻报道,激发学生思考我们之前学习过的询问事件相关的句型,类似历史还原的方式让学生更深刻的理解文本,感受当时人物的心理感受,这也是文本复述的一种很好的方法。)
Step 4:课后作业
Question:How could we write a passage about a big event in your life?(What was the event?When did the event happen?What were you doing?Where were your friends doing?Why is it so important for you?)Try to write a short passage about some big events in your life?
(设计意图:作业的布置是基于课堂学习内容的拓展,在思考如何描述某一个事件之后,来描述一下自己经历的重大事件。课堂中学习过的谋篇结构、一些重要的短语、学习过的句型,学习过的过去时、过去进行时,都要在写作中使用,很好的检测了学生对于文本的理解,也很好的锻炼了学生综合使用语言的能力。)
阅读理解的过程并不是一个简单的信息寻找的过程,而是一个活跃的信息加工的过程,学生应该始终处在信息的解码、加工和处理的思维活动之中,处在如何采用恰当的技巧来提升阅读理解的效率的思考之中,阅读理解应该为实现语言综合运用能力的提升而服务。一个个好的问题能够帮助学生实现这一学习目标,帮助学生提升英语思维品质和阅读技能,我们要提升阅读教学的质量,就应该在问题的设计上努力下功夫。
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