日期:2023-01-12 阅读量:0次 所属栏目:中等教育
一、激发兴趣,巧设游戏情境
爱玩是学生的天性,学习是学生的天职,如何把学和玩和谐地结合起来,是教师要时时考虑的。英语课本中有许多小竞赛、小游戏,合理地运用能够激发学生的学习兴趣。例如,在教关系代词who在定语从句充当主语时,笔者设计了Guessing game。
活动一T:What made many famous people unforgettable?Guess whom I’m talking about.
1.I’m talking about a scientist who invented the electric lamp. (Thomas Edison)
2.I’m talking about a scientist who invented the telegraph. (Alexander Bell)
教师板书:I’m talking about...who...
活动二:让学生根据所给句型造出更多who引导的定语从句。
上述竞猜激发了学生的求知欲,学生对“关系代词who引导的定语从句”有了感性认识。
二、关注倾听,巧设故事情境
针对学生爱听故事的心理特征,笔者在讲授过去完成时引用与教学内容相关的故事,使学生思路开阔,兴趣盎然。如果教师抓住学生的这个心理特点,激发他们的好奇心,就能收到意想不到的效果。于是笔者在上课前故意卖关子: T: Yesterday I had an accident. Do you want to know what happened to me? Ss: Yes.
Yesterday I received an invitation to a classmates’ party at ten in SanMing . Waking up, I found it had been eight.When I got to the bus station,the early bus had left.I was waiting for the next bus when I realized I had left my purse at home.After getting my purse,I caught the next bus luckily and reached the party,but the party had begun.My classmates punished me to drink. How embarrassed I was!
此法吸引了学生的注意力,提高了学生的听力,使学生对过去完成时有了初步的感知。
三、引导探究,巧设问题情境
疑问和好奇是学生探索未知世界的起点,由于学生探究性学习的积极性和主动性很大程度上来自于充满问题的情境,因此,教师要在教材内容与学生求知心理之间制造“认知矛盾”,使学生进入“心求通而未得”的境界,这样学生的探究意识就会孕育而生。例如,在教学了定语从句、名词性从句和非谓语动词之后,笔者创设了一个问题情境:谁能把句子:David often plays computer games,and his parents are very angry.改写成语法结构不同但意思相同的句子?结果学生通过合作探究共得出五种表达法:(1)David often plays computer games,which makes his parents angry.(2)David often plays computer games,making his parents angry.(3)That David often plays computer games makes his parents angry.(4)It makes his parents angry that David often plays computer games.(5)David’s often playing computer games makes his parents angry.
这堂课由于笔者用问题创设情境,学生始终处于探究的状态,发散思维得到培养。
四、结合实际,巧设生活情境
著名教育家陶行知说:“没有生活做中心的教育是死教育。”因此,教师要善于引导学生直接从外界事物和周围事物环境中进行学习,使学生的学习与实际相结合,从而达到获得知识的目的。笔者在教学一些不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义时,考虑到这些枯燥的理论知识会降低学生的学习兴趣,于是联系生活实际创设了一个与学生生活环境密切相关的情境:How to make a bargain.先通过大屏幕显示用于讨价还价时常用的语言:
Sellers always say some sweet words on his goods:The cloth washes well./ The pen writes smoothly./ This pair of glasses wears comfortably.
Buyers always give a lower price:That’s too expensive!Can it/they be cheaper?
之后让学生以小组为单位扮演角色,对学习用品讨价还价,这样学生的语言形式得到了巩固,运用能力也进一步提高。
五、渗透思想,巧设德育情境
英语教学是整个教育工作的一部分,具有很强的思想性,英语教师应该遵循“提高全民族的思想道德和文化素养”这个总目标开展工作。这就需要教师在传授知识的同时,注意结合本学科的特点把教学的科学性和思想教育性统一起来,充分利用课堂这一主阵地,帮助学生形成正确的人生观和价值观。如在教学虚拟语气这一语法项目时,笔者以“2014年北京APEC会议”为话题,引导学生讨论下面问题:
T:If you were a volunteer for the APEC Beijing meeting,what would you do?
Ss:I wish.../If I...,I.../If only...
这样,学生在学习语法知识的同时,也懂得要为北京APEC会议出份力,增强了环保意识。
诚然,情境的创设远远不止以上几种。面对新课程改革的挑战,教师必须转变教育观念,尽可能创设充满美感与智慧的情境,优化课堂,帮助学生顺利完成新知识的建构,切实提高语法课堂教学的有效性。
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